Lopadostoma, Oligostoma, and some Rosellinia specimens from the herbarium of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ZT): the value of early fieldwork and the importance of keeping fungal collections.

BACKGROUND: Morphology, hosts, and collecting sites of fungi assessed from herbarium material of special interest deserve to be brought to the attention of mycologists. RESULTS: Specimens of Lopadostoma and Oligostoma deposited at ZT are briefly described and listed to expand the knowledge about their distribution. Three yet unmentioned Rosellinia collections are reported. One could be identified as R. mastoidiformis, a second as R. neblina; both are known only from the type collections. The third one seems to be a yet undescribed taxon and is formally described as R. schueppii. CONCLUSIONS: These observations emphasize the importance of keeping fungal collections and highlight the importance of field work and contributions by early mycologists.

Recommendations for competing sexual-asexually typified generic names in Sordariomycetes (except Diaporthales, Hypocreales, and Magnaporthales).

With the advance to one scientific name for each fungal species, the generic names in the class Sordariomycetes typified by sexual and asexual morphs are evaluated based on their type species to determine if they compete with each other for use or protection. Recommendations are made for which of the competing generic names should be used based on criteria such as priority, number of potential names changes, and frequency of use. Some recommendations for well-known genera include Arthrinium over Apiospora, Colletotrichum over Glomerella, Menispora over Zignoëlla, Microdochium over Monographella, Nigrospora over Khuskia, and Plectosphaerella over Plectosporium. All competing generic names are listed in a table of recommended names along with the required action. If priority is not accorded to sexually typified generic names after 2017, only four names would require formal protection: Chaetosphaerella over Oedemium, Diatrype over Libertella, Microdochium over Monographella, and Phaeoacremonium over Romellia and Togninia. Concerning species in the recommended genera, one replacement name (Xylaria benjaminii nom. nov.) is introduced, and the following new combinations are made: Arthrinium sinense, Chloridium caesium, C. chloroconium, C. gonytrichii, Corollospora marina, C. parvula, C. ramulosa, Juncigena fruticosae, Melanospora simplex, Seimatosporium massarina, Sporoschisma daemonoropis, S. taitense, Torpedospora mangrovei, Xylaria penicilliopsis, and X. termiticola combs. nov.

Morphological studies in Rosellinia (Xylariaceae): the first step towards a polyphasic taxonomy.

More than 90 species are accepted in the xylariaceous genus Rosellinia. Thorough morphological characterisation of all known species will provide a taxonomic hypothesis that can be later tested by DNA sequence analysis. Exploratory analyses of ascospore morphology, shape of ascus apical structure, and anamorph genus suggest six morphological groups in the genus.